Animal nutrition is the process by which an animal obtains nutrients necessary for its healthy growth and development. Importance of Animal Feeds Definition of Feed Feed refers to the food given to animals. They contain nutrient elements either alone or in combination with other substances which supports the healthy growth and development of livestock. Classification […]

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FARM ACCOUNT Farm Accounts are statements of money paid out or received for goods and services used in a farming business. FARM RECORD Farm Records are written documents showing major activities going on in the farming business IMPORTANCE OF FARM ACCOUNTS/RECORDS EVALUATION TYPES OF FARM RECORDS TYPES OF FARM ACCOUNTS INCOME STATEMENT OF AKANDE FARMS […]

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The following economic concept explains the behaviour of consumers of agricultural goods. These concepts or elements include. PRINCIPLES OF DEMAND AND SUPPLY Demand: Demand may be defined as the quantity of goods a consumer is willing and ready to buy at a given price over a given period. Demand is effective when the willingness to […]

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Crop improvement is defined as the science that deals with the development of new crop varieties with superior quality and quantity. Aims of Crop Improvement To increase yield EVALUATION Definition of Some Genetic Terms EVALUATION MENDELIAN LAWS PROCESS OF CROP IMPROVEMENT These include introduction, selection and breeding of hybridisation. INTRODUCTION This involves the importation or […]

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A weed is any plant that grows in a place where it is not (expected to grow) wanted. Economic Importance of Weeds Benefits of Weeds To Farmers Weeds help in checking soil erosion. EVALUATION Characteristics and Growth Habit of Weeds Dispersal of Weed Seeds and Fruits Most seeds and fruits of weeds are generally dispersed […]

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Learn effective methods of crop pest prevention and control. Protect your farm from insects, diseases, and damage for higher yields and healthier plants.

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MEANING OF CROP PEST A crop pest can be defined as any organism capable of causing damage to the crop.  TYPES OF CROP PEST Crop pests can be categorised into various classes based on the organisms that cause damage. Here are some common types of crop pests: 1. Insects: Insects are one of the most […]

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MEANING AND CAUSES OF DISEASE A crop is a plant cultivated by man for a specific purpose. A plant disease is a deviation of the plant from the normal state of health, presenting outward visible signs. Diseases are caused by pathogens and enhanced by some physiological factors.  CAUSES OF DISEASE Pathogens cause plant diseases. Pathogens […]

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Floriculture is a discipline of horticulture that is concerned with the production and management of ornamental plants. Ornamental plants are beautiful trees or shrubs which can be used to decorate our environments.  IMPORTANCE OF ORNAMENTAL PLANTS COMMON SPECIES OF ORNAMENTAL TREES, SHRUBS AND FLOWERS ORNAMENTAL TREES ORNAMENTAL SHRUBS ORNAMENTAL FLOWERS CULTIVATION OF ORNAMENTAL PLANTS The […]

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Forest can be defined as a large area of land covered with trees and bushes, either growing wild or planted for some purposes which serves as habitat to various kinds of animals. Forestry is the management of forest and forest resources. Silviculture is the growing and cultivation trees. Forest ecology is the scientific study of […]

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Pasture: This is a piece of land on which forage crops grow. Forage Crops: These are plants cultivated (or growing naturally) whose vegetative parts (leaves and stems) are fed on by livestock. USES OF FORAGE CROPS  TYPES OF PASTURES CHARACTERISTICS OR FEATURES OF NATURAL PASTURE EVALUATION Artificial pastures This is also referred to as established […]

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The following farming practices have consequences or effects on the soil; This involves setting fire to the bushes to clear out the vegetation MERITS DEMERITS   Overgrazing is a situation where more animals than can be supported on a particular pasture are put there to graze. MERIT DEMERITS   This is the removal of the […]

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Plant nutrients are classified into two types, these includes macronutrient and micronutrient. MACRONUTRIENTS These are mineral elements or nutrients required by crops in large quantities. Examples are: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium and sulphur. MICRONUTRIENT OR TRACE ELEMENTS These are mineral elements or nutrients required by crops in small quantities. Examples are: Zinc, Copper, boron, […]

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These factors are grouped into three, CLIMATIC FACTORS AFFECTING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION Climate is the average weather condition of a place over a long period. The elements of climate are: rainfall, humidity, light, temperature, drought, wind, sunlight, humidity e.t.c. RAINFALL Rainfall is defined as the release of excess condensed water vapour into the atmosphere into the […]

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IRRIGATION This refers to the artificial application of water to soil or land for agricultural purposes. FACTORS THAT DETERMINE IRRIGATION SYSTEM IMPORTANCE OF IRRIGATION IN CROP PRODUCTION NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF IRRIGATION EVALAUTION TYPES OF IRRIGATION SYSTEMS   The three types of irrigation systems are: SURFACE IRRIGATION In this system, water from rivers, dams or streams flows […]

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MEANING OF FARM SURVEYING Farm surveying is defined as the process of measuring and mapping out the position, topography, size and boundary of an area of farmland. It can also be defined as the process by which the measurement of land is made on the farm. IMPORTANCE OF FARM SURVEYING EVALUATION SOME COMMON SURVEYING EQUIPMENT […]

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FARM MACHINERY Farm machinery includes various types of machines and implements used on the farm. These include tractors, ploughs, harrows, cultivators, ridgers, planters, harvesters, shellers, dryers, sprayers, and incubators IMPORTANT PARTS OF THE TRACTOR FUNCTIONS OF TRACTORS DAILY MAINTENANCE OF TRACTORS   EVALUATION   PERIODIC MAINTENANCE OF TRACTOR     USES/FUNCTIONS OF BULLDOZER   DISADVANTAGES […]

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The five major factors which control soil formation are: climate, parent materials, topography, biotic factors and time. Climate Climate is the average weather condition of a place over a long period. The elements of climate are: temperature, rainfall, wind and pressure.   PARENT MATERIALS: These are the materials (previously existing rocks) from which the soil […]

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MEANING OF SOIL Soil can be defined as the unconsolidated weathered materials found in the upper most layer of the earth surface on which plants grow. It provides support and nutrients for the plants. TYPES OF SOIL The three types of soil are; Sandy Soil, Clay Soil and Loamy Soil. SANDY SOIL A soil is […]

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