Lesson Notes, Audio Lessons, Exam Questions
Lesson Notes, Audio Lessons, Exam Questions
Welcome to the Agricultural Science section for all classes — JSS 1 to SS 3!
We offer comprehensive notes, video lessons, quizzes, and practice tests based on the BECE, WAEC, and NECO syllabus.
Whether you’re just starting in Junior Secondary School or preparing for your final exams in Senior Secondary School, our resources simplify topics, explain concepts clearly, and build your understanding of agriculture in a real-world context.
Topics covered include:
Boost your knowledge, improve your grades, and confidently prepare for your national exams with our expertly structured materials!
IRRIGATION This refers to the artificial application of water to soil or land for agricultural purposes. FACTORS THAT DETERMINE IRRIGATION SYSTEM IMPORTANCE OF IRRIGATION IN CROP PRODUCTION NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF IRRIGATION EVALAUTION TYPES OF IRRIGATION SYSTEMS The three types of…
MEANING OF FARM SURVEYING Farm surveying is defined as the process of measuring and mapping out the position, topography, size and boundary of an area of farmland. It can also be defined as the process by which the measurement of…
FARM MACHINERY Farm machinery includes various types of machines and implements used on the farm. These include tractors, ploughs, harrows, cultivators, ridgers, planters, harvesters, shellers, dryers, sprayers, and incubators IMPORTANT PARTS OF THE TRACTOR FUNCTIONS OF TRACTORS DAILY MAINTENANCE OF…
The five major factors which control soil formation are: climate, parent materials, topography, biotic factors and time. Climate Climate is the average weather condition of a place over a long period. The elements of climate are: temperature, rainfall, wind and…
MEANING OF SOIL Soil can be defined as the unconsolidated weathered materials found in the upper most layer of the earth surface on which plants grow. It provides support and nutrients for the plants. TYPES OF SOIL The three types…
Agricultural insurance is an insurance policy which provides compensation to farmers for losses suffered. For example, the loss of their crops due to natural disasters such as hail, drought and floods or the loss of revenue due to declines in…
Agricultural finance is the act of acquiring and use of capital in agribusiness. It deals with the demand for and supply of funds in order to carry out various projects in the field of agriculture. The main objective of financing…
This is the introduction of semen into the reproductive tract of the female by a method other than natural mating. The semen containing the spermatozoa are carefully handled,diluted and stored in freezer at a temperature of -1960C in liquid nitrogen…
Animal improvement refers to the ways of developing and breeding only those animals that show the greatest merit under consideration, such as good feed conversion, growth rate, disease resistance, egg size, etc. It also involves the upgrading of existing (local)…
A fish pond is an artificial body of water in which fish are reared for commercial purposes. There are various types of fish ponds. It is a confined body of water where fish are raised under controlled conditions. Fish can…
Fish farming (pisciculture) involves raising selected fish species commercially under scientifically controlled conditions in enclosed water bodies such as ponds, lakes, etc, where they live, feed, breed and are harvested for man’s use. Common fish species reared commercially include salmon,…
Agricultural extension is the process, system or service which assists farmers or farm people through educational procedures in improving farming methods and techniques. In other words, Agricultural extension is the process whereby the beneficial products of research are taken to…
Malnutrition is said to occur when a ration (amount of feed provided to an animal per day) does not provide all the food nutrients (carbohydrate, protein, fats and oils, vitamins, minerals, water and other feed additives) in adequate quantities. Those…
MANAGEMENT OF RUMINANT ANIMALS (CATTLE) Cattle Cattle are ruminant animals (they have complex or complicated stomach structures). Cattle have hollow horns and hoofs. They are reared for meat, milk, hide and skin, manure and draught animals for farm work.…
MANAGEMENT OF A MONOGASTRIC ANIMAL (PIGS) Pigs are non-ruminant animals in the genus sus, within the even-toed ungulate family Suidae. They are primarily reared for meat. TERMS USED IN PIGS MANAGEMENT Boar: a mature male pig Sow: a mature female…
Environmental physiology refers to the effects of the environment on the growth and performance of farm animals. It is the study of the environment regarding the response of farm animals. The effects could be high or low. Moderation is the…
The egg in poultry is partly formed in the ovary and in the oviduct. At ovulation the ovum carrying the yolk is released by the ovary into the oviduct through the funnel called infundibulum. Fertilization takes place in the infundibulum where the egg spends 15 minutes and moves into the magnum. In the magnum
Reproduction is the process that gives rise to young in farm animals; it is the ability of animals to give birth to young. This process starts when the animal is sexually mature. Time of sexual maturity varies between animals; in…
The respiratory system includes all the organs and tissues associated with the exchange of gases between the animal and its environment, leading to the release of energy. The purpose of respiration is to supply oxygen to the cell, which burns…
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