Bolaji G. is a dedicated Chemistry teacher with 12 years of teaching experience. He specializes in making complex chemical concepts easy to understand, inspiring students through practical experiments and interactive lessons. His passion for science helps learners develop strong analytical and problem-solving skills.
In a school laboratory: An acid may be defined as a substance that turns litmus red. A base may be defined as a substance that turns litmus blue. Litmus is… Read More »INTRODUCTION TO ACIDS, BASES AND INDICATORS
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ACIDS Acids have a characteristic sour taste Most acids are colourless liquids Mineral acids are odourless. Organic acids have characteristic smell All acids have pH less than… Read More »PROPERTIES OF ACIDS
A physical/temporary change is one which no new substance is formed and is reversible back to original. A chemical/permanent change is one which a new substance is formed and is… Read More »PHYSICAL/TEMPORARY AND CHEMICAL CHANGES
Mixtures can be separated from applying the following methods: DECANTATION Sediments can be separated from a liquid by pouring out the liquid. This process is called decantation. Experiment Put some… Read More »METHODS OF SEPARATING MIXTURES
Substances are either pure or impure. A pure substance is one which contains only one substance. An impure substance is one which contains two or more substances. A pure substance… Read More »CLASSIFICATION OF SUBSTANCES
Chemistry is used in the following: 1. Washing/cleaning with soap: Washing/cleaning is a chemical process that involves interaction of water, soap and dirt so as to remove the dirt from… Read More »THE ROLE OF CHEMISTRY IN SOCIETY
Chemistry is studied mainly in a science room called a school chemistry laboratory. The room is better ventilated than normal classroom. It has electricity, gas and water taps. A school… Read More »CHEMISTRY LABORATORY AND APPARATUS
Water is an important item in our universe. We need water for transport (lakes and oceans), Generation of power, (hydroelectricity), drinking industrial processes, manufacturing and cooling among others. Very little… Read More »WATER ON EARTH
Chemistry is a branch of Science. Science is basically the study of living and non-living things. The branch of science that study living things is called Biology. The branch of… Read More »INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY
Oxygen (O2) is an active, life-sustaining component of the atmosphere; making up 20% by volume of the air we breathe. It is colorless, odorless and tasteless. Oxygen is the most… Read More »OXYGEN (O2) PROPERTIES AND USES
Corrosion The eating up of metals by the action of air and moisture on their surface is called corrosion. The corrosion of iron is called rusting. While other metals are… Read More »RUSTING OF IRON
Hydrogen is the simplest element. It is the first element in the periodic table, and it is placed in Group I of the periodic table. Hydrogen Occurrence Hydrogen is… Read More »WATER AND HYDROGEN
Red cabbage juice solution works well instead of universal indicator solution. Making Cabbage Indicator Acid base indicators are chemicals that change colour in the presence of different pH levels.… Read More »INDICATORS
A compound is a pure substance formed by chemically combining at least two different elements. Compounds are two or more different elements combined. Their atoms have been joined or bonded… Read More »COMPOUNDS AND FORMULA
Sometimes we need pure substances as opposed to impure ones. You can imagine a mixture of sand and table salt and imagine how much use you would have for it.… Read More »SEPARATION OF MIXTURES
The following example of iron, sulphur and iron sulphide will make us understand the difference between mixtures and compounds. Properties of Iron and Sulphur The following experiment shows the… Read More »DISTINCTION BETWEEN COMPOUNDS AND MIXTURES
Atoms, Molecules, Elements and Compounds The Atom An atom is the smallest particle of a substance which can have its own characteristic properties. Atoms are built up of even more fundamental… Read More »CONSTITUENTS OF MATTER
The ability to conduct electricity is the major simple distinction between elements that are metals and non-metals. Electrical Conductors A conductor is a material that conducts electricity but is… Read More »CONDUCTORS AND INSULATORS
Pure Substance Pure means that only one substance is present in the material and can be a pure element or compound. A simple physical test for purity, and properties that… Read More »CLASSIFICATION OF SUBSTANCES
All metals (copper, iron, lead, magnesium etc) and graphite, a non-metal. Most non-metals (sulphur, iodine, charcoal etc.) Most solid compounds (All gases are non-conductors) Liquids are classified in three… Read More »CONDUCTORS AND NON-CONDUCTORS