Lesson Notes, Audio Lessons, Exam Questions
Lesson Notes, Audio Lessons, Exam Questions
See our detailed chemistry lesson notes for SS 1, SS 2, and SS 3 students, designed to align with the WAEC and NECO syllabus. These lessons cover all major chemistry topics, helping students grasp key concepts and prepare effectively for their exams.
Whether you’re revising, learning new topics, or need quick explanations, these notes serve as a valuable resource for mastering chemistry.
Access free SS 1 to SS 3 chemistry lesson notes aligned with WAEC & NECO syllabus. Learn important chemistry concepts and prepare for exams.
Chemical Industry The chemical industry is defined as one that uses chemistry to make chemicals from other chemical substances (raw materials) The important raw materials used in the chemical industry include (i) air, (ii) CaCO3, (iii) seawater and rock salt,…
Hydrocarbon and Crude Oil Hydrocarbons are very simple organic compounds composed mainly of hydrogen and carbon only. The sources of hydrocarbons are coal, natural gases and petroleum. Hydrocarbons can be divided into two main classes: Aliphatic Hydrocarbon They are further…
H2CO3 is formed when CO2(g) is dissolved in water. H2CO3 is a weak dibasic acid. It forms two series of salts: Normal trioxocarbonate (iv) Normal trioxocarbonate (iv) may be regarded as salts derived from H2CO3 by the complete replacement of…
Coal Coal is an impure form of carbon. Coal is a complex mixture of compounds composed mainly of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen with small amounts of nitrogen, sulphur and phosphorus as impurities. Carbonization of coal. Coal was formed by the…
Carbon (iv) Oxide The percentage composition of carbon (iv) oxide in the atmospheric air is about 0.03% by volume while in dissolved air is about 0.50% by volume. Laboratory preparation CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) NaHCO3(aq) + …
Occurrence of Carbon Allotropes of Carbon Allotropy is the phenomenon whereby an element exists in two or more different forms in the same physical state. The different forms of the elements are known as allotropes. They have the same chemical…
A base is a substance which will neutralize an acid to yield a salt and water only. Most oxide and hydroxide of metals are bases e.g. Na2O, K2O, MgO, NaOH, KOH e.t.c. An alkalis is a basic hydroxide which is…
; Definition: An acid is substance which in aqueous solution produces hydroxonium ion (H3O+) or hydrogen ion (H+) as the only positive ion. Also, acids can be referred to as proton donor. CLASSES OF ACIDS There are two classes of…
Alkanols is a homologous series with general molecular formula of CnH2n+1OH or ROH. The functional group in alkanols is the hydroxyl (-OH) group. Nomenclature The names of alkanols are obtained by substituting “e” in alkanes with “ol”. Example: Methanol –…
Alkynes are the homologous series of unsaturated hydrocarbon with a general molecular formula CnH2n-2.
Alkynes show a high degree of unsaturation than alkenes, hence, they are chemically more reactive than the corresponding alkenes or alkanes.
UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONS These are hydrocarbons in which carbon atoms join with each other by multiple bonds. The multiple bonds can be double bonds e.gAlkenes or triple bonds e.gAlkynes. NOMENCLATURE The process of naming in alkenes is obtained by substituting “ane”…
The alkanes are aliphatic hydrocarbons. Their general molecular formula is CnH2n+2. Hence For n=1 CH4 Methane n=2 C2H6 Ethane n=3 C3H8 Propane n=4 C4H10 Butane n=5 C5H12 Pentane and so on. There is no functional group in the alkane series.…
Organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon compounds with the exception of compounds such as carbon (II) oxide, carbon (IV) oxide the trioxocarbonate (IV).Carbon has unique ability to form numerous organic compounds because it has ability to catenate. Catenation is…
TITRATION There are two types of quantitative analysis namely: volumetric and gravimetric analysis. Volumetric analysis is based on volume measurement while gravimetric analysis involves direct mass measurement. Volumetric analysis is carried art using Titration. In titration, a standard solution (one…
A mole is a number of particles of a substance which may be atoms, ions, molecules or electrons. This number of particles is approximately 6.02 x 1023 in magnitude and is known as Avogadro’s number of particles.
A solution is a uniform or homogenous mixture of two or more substances. Solution = Solvent + Solute A solute is a dissolved substance which may be a solid, liquid or gas. A solvent is a substance (usually liquid) which…
Water is regarded as the universal solvent. It is a good solvent for many substances. SOURCES OF WATER The following are the sources of water: TYPES OF WATER Water is of two types namely: soft water and hard water. Soft…
HYDROGEN SULPHIDE, H2S Hydrogen Sulphide is found in volcanic gases, Sulphur springs, coal gas and natural gas. LABORATORY PREPARATION Hydrogen Sulphide is prepared in the laboratory by the action of dilute acids on metallic sulphide like Iron (II) Sulphide 2HCl(aq) …
General Properties of The Properties of The Sulphur Group (Group VI Elements) The group VI elements include: Oxygen, Sulphur, Selenium, Tellurium and Polonium. ELECTRONIC STRUCRURE OF SULPHUR GROUP Members of the sulphur family include: Oxygen, Sulphur, Selenium, Tellurium and Polonium.…
Oxides of Nitrogen NITROGEN (I) OXIDE, N2O Nitrogen (I) oxide is known as laughing gas, as it causes uncontrollable laughter when inhaled. Laboratory Preparation The gas is prepared in the laboratory by thermal decomposition of ammonium trioxonitrate (V). Ammonium trioxonitrate…