Lesson Notes, Audio Lessons, Exam Questions
Lesson Notes, Audio Lessons, Exam Questions
This section covers comprehensive Commerce topics for students from SS1 to SS3. It is designed to align with the current WAEC and NECO syllabuses, which provides detailed explanations, examples, and practice exercises to build a solid foundation in commerce studies.
Students will learn about key areas such as trade, banking, insurance, business organizations, transportation, marketing, and international trade.
The lessons are structured to make complex commercial concepts easy to understand, helping students prepare effectively for internal and external examinations.
Use this resource to boost your knowledge, improve your exam performance, and master the principles of commerce throughout your senior secondary school journey.
Learn Commerce from SS1 to SS3 with syllabus-based topics covering trade, banking, marketing, insurance, and more. Perfect for WAEC and NECO preparation.
A cooperative society is any group found by individuals with common interest who contribute money in form of capital to promote the business interest of members. A cooperative society is a form of voluntary self-help business organization in which individuals,…
A company is an artificial person which is recognized in law as a separate legal entity. It is also referred to as joint stock Company that makes profit by producing or selling goods and services. It can only act though…
These are special organization set up by the government. Through the act of parliament, managed and controlled by the government to perform essential services to the citizens of the county. OR Public enterprises/corporation are businesses owned and run by the…
ECONOMIC COMMUNITY OF WEST AFRICAN STATES (ECOWAS) ECOWAS was established on May 28th , 1975 after the treaty establishing it was signed in Lagos, Nigeria. The member countries of ECOWAS are: Sierra Leone 2. Gambia 3.Cape verde 4. Guinea 5.…
PRIVATIZATION Privatization is the process whereby ownership and control of the businesses, companies, industries or co-operation are transferred from the Government (public sector) to private individual (private sector) ADVANTAGES OF PRIVATIZATION It promotes efficiency in the business that are…
INDIGENIZATION Indigenization is the policy initiated by the government to ensure and accelerate the participation of Nigerian citizens in the ownership and management of business organizations hitherto owned by foreigners. Indigenization transfers ownership of some foreign business operating in Nigeria…
NATIONALIZATION This is the taking over (or transfer of ownership) of privately owned business enterprises by the government for economic, social and political reasons. Such industries involved are known as NATIONALISED INDUSTRIES and the individual owners of the affected industries…
AUTHORITY Authority is defined as the right to give orders or command (directive) and enforce compliance (obedience) to the order.Authority may be used directly or delegated. Delegation of Authority: This is a practice whereby decision making powers and authority…
Organizational structure is the framework by which tasks are divided, grouped and co-ordinated. It entails the division of the activities of a business organization into departments, division, units and sub-units and the allocation of positions, responsibilities and authorities to the…
DEPARTMENTS IN A BUSINESS ORGANISATION Business organizations are usually divided into different departments on the basis of their functions. The typical departments to be found in a business organization include: Personnel Department. Accounts / Finance Department Training & Manpower Development…
Management has been variously defined as follows: The organ of leadership, direction and decision in a business enterprise. The process of preparing, directing, planning and organizing people and material in order to attain business objectives. DUTIES OF A MANAGER…
Business can be defined as the sum of all activities involved in the creation and distribution of goods and services for profit. Business management is the act of planning, organizing, directing and controlling business resources in order to attain some…
This refers to the various ways by which government controls the activities of business organization to ensure social and economic order in the society. REASONS FOR GOVERNMENT REGULATION OF BUSINESS To raise money through taxes e.g. V.A.T. Education tax…
Agency is the relationship which arises whenever one person (the agent) acts on behalf of another person (the principal) and has power to affect the principal’s legal position with regard to a third party. In practice, the two most important…
An agent could belong to one of the following classification: Universal Agent – An agent has given unlimited or unrestricted power to enter into any type of business contract on behalf of the principal. General Agent – An agent that…
The cost of using any of the media The type or nature of the product to be advertised The reach (i.e. the extent of coverage/size of the audience) of the medium The merits and demerits inherent in using the medium…
Advertising is the branch of commerce which deals with promoting sales of goods, services or ideas through messages that are meant to inform, educate and persuade the general public by means of various methods such as newspaper, radio, television. FUNCTIONS…
Practice COMMERCE PAST QUESTIONS (SSCE) and pass your exams in flying colours
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