TEMPERATURE

Degree of hotness of an object or a place.

It’s measured using 3 types of thermometers namely:

1. Maximum thermometer
2. Minimum thermometer
3. Six’s thermometer

Maximum Thermometer

It’s used to measure the highest temperature reached in a day.

It uses mercury.

How It’s Used/Works

1. Temperature rises causing mercury to expand.
2. Mercury pushes the index up.
3. When temperature falls mercury contracts.
4. The maximum temperature is read from the scale at the lower end of the index.
5. Thermometer is reset by shaking it to force mercury back into the bulb.

Minimum Thermometer

It’s used to record the lowest temperature reached in a day.

It uses alcohol.

How it’s Used/Works

1. Temperature falls causing alcohol to contract.
2. Alcohol pulls the index down.
3. When temperature rises alcohol expands and rises in the tube.
4. The index remains where it was pulled.
5. Minimum temperature reading is obtained from the scale at the lower end of the index.

Calculating Temperature

1. Diurnal/daily Temperature range

Difference between the maximum and minimum temperature for any one day.

2. Mean Daily Temperature

Average of the maximum and the minimum daily temperatures.

3. Mean Monthly temperature

Sum of mean daily temperatures in a month divided by the number of days in that month.

4. Mean Monthly minimum Temperature

Sum of daily minimum temperatures divided by the number of days in that month.

5. Mean Monthly Maximum Temperature

Sum of daily maximum temperatures divided by the number of days in that month.

6. Mean Annual Temperature

Sum of mean monthly temperatures divided by 12.

7. Mean Annual Temperature Range

Difference between the highest and the lowest mean monthly temperatures in a year.

8. ◦k=◦c+273
9. ◦F=(◦c×1.8)+32 derive the rest from the formulas.