The common disease of farm animals include the following
Table of Contents
Cattle
- Foot and mouth disease
- Rinder pest
- Anthrax
- Brucellosis or contagious bovine abortion
- Mastitis
- Tuberculosis
- Trypanosomiasis
- Heart water disease
- Babesiosis or Tick-borne fever
- Kirchi (Cowpox or streptothricosis)
Sheep and Goats
- Blue tongue
- Kata (stomatitis or pseudorinderpest)
- Contagious ethyma or dermatitis
- Foot rot
Pigs (swine)
- Swine fever
- Swine erysipelas (Diamond skin disease)
- Contagious abortion of swine
- Transmissible gastoententis (TGE)
- Roundworm infection (Nemathelminthes)
Rabbits
- Sore hock
- Mange
- Bloat
- Coccidiosis
Poultry
- New castle disease
- Fowl pox
- Fowl typhoid
- Coccidiosis
- Chronic respiratory disease (CRD)
Table showing common disease of farm animal
| Name of disease | Causal organism (agent) | Animal affected | Symptoms | Mode of transmission | Body area affected | Effects | Treatments | Prevention on and control measures |
| Foot and mouth | Virus | Cattle | i. High fever ii. Loss of appetite iii. Blisters or sores on the muzzle (lips), tongue, cheek, udder and feet iv. Weakness and lameness v. Excessive salivation and foaming | By contact with infected animals, contaminated feed. | Legs | Serious loss of animals (death) | No effective treatment | i. Vaccination to prevent the disease ii. Isolation of diseased animals iii. Slaughter and bury infected animals |
| Rinderpest or cattle plague | Virus | Cattle can also affect sheep, goat and pigs | i. High fever (rise in temperature ii. Loss of appetite iii. Blood stained diarrhea iv. Difficulty in breathing v. Grinding | i. Eating contaminated food. ii. Contact with infected animals | Entire body | High rate of animals | No treatment | i. Vaccination to prevent the disease ii. Isolation of infected animals iii. Quarantine iv. Kill and bury diseased animals |
| Name of disease | Causal organism (agent) | Animal affected | Symptoms | Mode of transmission | Body area affected | Effects | Treatments | Prevention on and control measures |
| Anthrax | Bacteria | Ruminants (cattle, sheep and goat) | i. High fever ii. Convulsion iii. Increased breathing rate iv. Black or blood stained discharge from mouth, eyes, nostrils etc. v. Sudden death vi. Welling out of neck, abdomen after death | Contact with infected animals and their products | Whole body | Sudden death of animals (sometimes without symptoms | If symptoms are noticed early, treat with antibiotics. | i. Vaccination ii. Isolation and slaughter of diseased animals should be burnt and buried.
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| Brucellosis (contagious bovide abortion | Bacteria | Cattle pigs | i. Inflammation of uterus and mammary glands ii. Abortion or pregnancy at 5th – 7th month as still birth iii. Retention of after birth | i. Direct contact with: – Infected after birth – Foetal fluid or aborted fetuses – Coition with infected bull. – Contaminated feed or pasture | Foetus (pregnancy) | i. Loss of foetus ii. Low rate of production iii. It is zoonotic (i.e. it can affect human beings). | No effective treatment | i. Vaccination ii. Report any occurrent to veterinary doctor |
| Trypano somiasis (nagana) | Protozoa (trypanosoms) | Cattle | i. Severe anaemia ii. Intermittent fever iii. General weakness iv. Hairs on tail often pull-out v. Staggering vi. Death | By tse-tse fly | The brain | i. Drop in the level of production ii. Death of animals | Use drugs such as Babesin, Bayer 2005 etc. | i. Use insecticide to kill vectors (tse-tse fly) ii. Good sanitation such as cleaning and burning of bush. |
| Bloat | Nutritional disorder | Ruminants (cattle, goat, sheep and rabbit) | i. Diarrhea ii. Prof use salivation iii. Swollen stomach iv. Vomiting v. Difficulty in breath vi. Death | Feeding on immature pasture | Stomach | Swollen stomach and digestive tract | i. Use defoaming agents such as groundnut ii. Pass a large tube into stomach to remove obstacle causing obstruct | i. Do not graze animals on immature pasture ii. Feed high protein supplements or feeds. |
| Name of disease | Causal organism (agent) | Animal affected | Symptoms | Mode of transmission | Body area affected | Effects | Treatments | Prevention on and control measures |
| Mastitis | Bacteria | Ruminants may affect pigs | i. Swollen under ii. High temperature iii. Discharge of pus from the udder iv. Yellowish smelling milk | Through injury especially on the teat | Udder | Drop in milk yield | Injection of antibiotics Massaging the mammary gland after injection | i. Good sanitation ii. Clean milking practice to avoided injury iii. Keeping the udder dry
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| Krchi (cowpox or streptothricosis | Bacteria | Ruminatns and igs | i. High lesion ii. Irritation iii. Loss of hair iv. Swollen udder | – Direct contact with infected animals | Skin | i. Poor production of hair and milk | Treatment of wounds with tetracy cline capsules | i. Regular bathing ii. Disinfect and feeding and milking equipment iii. Vaccination on slaughter and bury infected animals |
| Swine fever | Virus | Pigs | i. High temperature ii. Lost of appetite iii. Diarrohoea iv. Bluish discoloration at the ears, legs and snouth | Contact with infected pig | Whole body | Death of animals | No successful treatment, no available vaccine | |
| New castle disease (fowl plague) | Virus | Poulty | i. Sudden death without symptoms ii. Breathing difficulty iii. Loss of weight iv. Watery greenish diarrhea v. Diarrhea vi. Circling movement | i. Air borne spread ii. Contaminated vaccine and equipement iii. Infected birds | i. Nervous system ii. Respiratory tract | Loss of poultry birds | No effective treatment | i. Quarantine ii. Vaccination iii. Sanitation
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| Name of disease | Causal organism (agent) | Animal affected | Symptoms | Mode of transmission | Body area affected | Effects | Treatments | Prevention on and control measures |
| Fowl pox | Virus | Poultry | i. Blisters on comble, wattle and feed ii. Loss of weight iii. Reduced egg production | Bitting insects | Comb | Light weight poultry birds Low e.g. production | Use of antibiotics | i. Vaccination on and sanitation ii. Culling of diseased birds
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| Coccidiosis | Protozoa | Poultry, rabbits | i. Blood stained dropping or feaces ii. Loss of weight iii. Diarrhoea iv. Ruffle feathers | Feeding of infected feed, water and infected feaces | Digest ice tract | i. Reduced egg production ii. Death of animal | Use of sulphur drugs | i. Good sanitation ii. Use of coccidiotic tablets iii. Disinfect poultry houses before stocking |
| Chronic respiratory disorder (CRD) | Myuco plasma (virus like microbe) | Poultry
| i. Nasal discharge ii. Swollen face iii. Breathing difficultry iv. Loss of weight | Breathing in of virus from contaminated feed, water or urine and | Air sac | i. Loss of birds | Use of antibiotics | i. Sanitation ii. Good ventilation iii. Avoid use of dust litter |
| Mange | Lice | Rabbit | Loss o hair | i. Skin | Dusting with chemical | i. Dust with powder ii. Good sanitation
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See also:
FACTORS TO CONSIDER BEFORE DESIDING ANIMAL FEED
FARM STRUCTURES | MEANING. TYPES, MAINTENANCE & FARM SHELTER