Common Disease of Farm Animals

The common disease of farm animals include the following

Table of Contents

Cattle

Foot and mouth disease
Rinder pest
Anthrax
Brucellosis or contagious bovine abortion
Mastitis
Tuberculosis
Trypanosomiasis
Heart water disease
Babesiosis or Tick-borne fever
Kirchi (Cowpox or streptothricosis)

Sheep and Goats

Blue tongue
Kata (stomatitis or pseudorinderpest)
Contagious ethyma or dermatitis
Foot rot

Pigs (swine)

Swine fever
Swine erysipelas (Diamond skin disease)
Contagious abortion of swine
Transmissible gastoententis (TGE)
Roundworm infection (Nemathelminthes)

Rabbits

Sore hock
Mange
Bloat
Coccidiosis

Poultry

New castle disease
Fowl pox
Fowl typhoid
Coccidiosis
Chronic respiratory disease (CRD)

Table showing common disease of farm animal

Name of disease

Causal organism (agent)

Animal affected

Symptoms

Mode of transmission

Body area affected

Effects

Treatments

Prevention on and control measures

Foot and mouth

Virus

Cattle

i. High fever

ii. Loss of appetite

iii. Blisters or sores on the muzzle (lips), tongue, cheek, udder and feet

iv. Weakness and lameness

v. Excessive salivation and foaming

By contact with infected animals, contaminated feed.

Legs

Serious loss of animals (death)

No effective treatment

i. Vaccination to prevent the disease

ii. Isolation of diseased animals

iii. Slaughter and bury infected animals

Rinderpest or cattle plague

Virus

Cattle can also affect sheep, goat and pigs

i. High fever (rise in temperature

ii. Loss of appetite

iii. Blood stained diarrhea

iv. Difficulty in breathing

v. Grinding

i. Eating contaminated food.

ii. Contact with infected animals

Entire body

High rate of animals

No treatment

i. Vaccination to prevent the disease

ii. Isolation of infected animals

iii. Quarantine

iv. Kill and bury diseased animals

Name of disease	Causal organism (agent)	Animal affected	Symptoms	Mode of transmission	Body area affected	Effects	Treatments	Prevention on and control measures
Anthrax	Bacteria	Ruminants (cattle, sheep and goat)	i. High fever ii. Convulsion iii. Increased breathing rate iv. Black or blood stained discharge from mouth, eyes, nostrils etc. v. Sudden death vi. Welling out of neck, abdomen after death	Contact with infected animals and their products	Whole body	Sudden death of animals (sometimes without symptoms	If symptoms are noticed early, treat with antibiotics.	i. Vaccination ii. Isolation and slaughter of diseased animals should be burnt and buried.
Brucellosis (contagious bovide abortion	Bacteria	Cattle pigs	i. Inflammation of uterus and mammary glands ii. Abortion or pregnancy at 5^th – 7^th month as still birth iii. Retention of after birth	i. Direct contact with: – Infected after birth – Foetal fluid or aborted fetuses – Coition with infected bull. – Contaminated feed or pasture	Foetus (pregnancy)	i. Loss of foetus ii. Low rate of production iii. It is zoonotic (i.e. it can affect human beings).	No effective treatment	i. Vaccination ii. Report any occurrent to veterinary doctor
Trypano somiasis (nagana)	Protozoa (trypanosoms)	Cattle	i. Severe anaemia ii. Intermittent fever iii. General weakness iv. Hairs on tail often pull-out v. Staggering vi. Death	By tse-tse fly	The brain	i. Drop in the level of production ii. Death of animals	Use drugs such as Babesin, Bayer 2005 etc.	i. Use insecticide to kill vectors (tse-tse fly) ii. Good sanitation such as cleaning and burning of bush.
Bloat	Nutritional disorder	Ruminants (cattle, goat, sheep and rabbit)	i. Diarrhea ii. Prof use salivation iii. Swollen stomach iv. Vomiting v. Difficulty in breath vi. Death	Feeding on immature pasture	Stomach	Swollen stomach and digestive tract	i. Use defoaming agents such as groundnut ii. Pass a large tube into stomach to remove obstacle causing obstruct	i. Do not graze animals on immature pasture ii. Feed high protein supplements or feeds.

Name of disease	Causal organism (agent)	Animal affected	Symptoms	Mode of transmission	Body area affected	Effects	Treatments	Prevention on and control measures
Mastitis	Bacteria	Ruminants may affect pigs	i. Swollen under ii. High temperature iii. Discharge of pus from the udder iv. Yellowish smelling milk	Through injury especially on the teat	Udder	Drop in milk yield	Injection of antibiotics Massaging the mammary gland after injection	i. Good sanitation ii. Clean milking practice to avoided injury iii. Keeping the udder dry
Krchi (cowpox or streptothricosis	Bacteria	Ruminatns and igs	i. High lesion ii. Irritation iii. Loss of hair iv. Swollen udder	– Direct contact with infected animals	Skin	i. Poor production of hair and milk	Treatment of wounds with tetracy cline capsules	i. Regular bathing ii. Disinfect and feeding and milking equipment iii. Vaccination on slaughter and bury infected animals
Swine fever	Virus	Pigs	i. High temperature ii. Lost of appetite iii. Diarrohoea iv. Bluish discoloration at the ears, legs and snouth	Contact with infected pig	Whole body	Death of animals	No successful treatment, no available vaccine
New castle disease (fowl plague)	Virus	Poulty	i. Sudden death without symptoms ii. Breathing difficulty iii. Loss of weight iv. Watery greenish diarrhea v. Diarrhea vi. Circling movement	i. Air borne spread ii. Contaminated vaccine and equipement iii. Infected birds	i. Nervous system ii. Respiratory tract	Loss of poultry birds	No effective treatment	i. Quarantine ii. Vaccination iii. Sanitation

Name of disease	Causal organism (agent)	Animal affected	Symptoms	Mode of transmission	Body area affected	Effects	Treatments	Prevention on and control measures
Fowl pox	Virus	Poultry	i. Blisters on comble, wattle and feed ii. Loss of weight iii. Reduced egg production	Bitting insects	Comb	Light weight poultry birds Low e.g. production	Use of antibiotics	i. Vaccination on and sanitation ii. Culling of diseased birds
Coccidiosis	Protozoa	Poultry, rabbits	i. Blood stained dropping or feaces ii. Loss of weight iii. Diarrhoea iv. Ruffle feathers	Feeding of infected feed, water and infected feaces	Digest ice tract	i. Reduced egg production ii. Death of animal	Use of sulphur drugs	i. Good sanitation ii. Use of coccidiotic tablets iii. Disinfect poultry houses before stocking
Chronic respiratory disorder (CRD)	Myuco plasma (virus like microbe)	Poultry	i. Nasal discharge ii. Swollen face iii. Breathing difficultry iv. Loss of weight	Breathing in of virus from contaminated feed, water or urine and	Air sac	i. Loss of birds	Use of antibiotics	i. Sanitation ii. Good ventilation iii. Avoid use of dust litter
Mange	Lice	Rabbit	Loss o hair		i. Skin		Dusting with chemical	i. Dust with powder ii. Good sanitation