International paper sizes Paper sizes are produced and prepared base on folding and getting half of such a paper to arrive at other sizes. The largest + size of the international paper is AO half of it is A1 – AO. A1 is half of AO 594mm * 841mm A2 is half of A1 594mm…
To speed up your development in shorthand, here are some tips that can help you improve your skills and increase your overall speed: 1. Master the Basics: Ensure you have a solid understanding of the shorthand system you’re using. Familiarize yourself with the basic symbols, strokes, and rules of the system. Practice writing them accurately…
Trading account is prepared to determine the profit or gross loss in a particular business period. The gross profit or loss is the different between sales and cost of goods sold. Business prepares trading, profit and loss account to ascertain the financial position of a business at the end of the year. Contents of Trading…
FINANCE: means decisions on how money is spent or invested i.e. it is the study of how money is managed, invested or spent on any project. Personal finance – is the process of controlling your money and making decisions to keep finances in check and out of debt. It helps to make monetary decision for…
MARKET This is a place where buyer and seller meet together to transact business. Has a place where there is transfer of ownership of goods and services. Examples : Idumota market, Katangowa market etc Market can also take place through communication between the seller and buyer without physical contact e.g. GSM, Internet, Jumia, OLX etc…
These are services that make trade easy or facilitate trade. They are: Advertising Banking Communication Insurance Tourism Transportation Warehousing Advertising – is creating awareness in the mind of the public about the existence of old and new in the market. There are several media of advertising such as radio, magazine, television, newspaper, cinema, billboard,…
Trade means buying and selling of goods and services to satisfy human wants. In the olden days, trade was carried out by barter system whereby goods are exchanged for goods and services for services without the use of money. Importance of trade Trade helps in bringing producer and buyer into contact It facilitates means of…
Office documents are documents used in an office for business transactions. There are basically two types of office documents which are (i) Sales documents (ii) Purchases document SALES DOCUMENT: are documents used in keeping records of sales transactions i.e. it is used to record goods sold either in cash or credit, undercharged and overcharged. They…
Incoming mail contains new orders, enquiries, cheques, reports, complaints and any other letter from other business organisation received either by hard or by past. The procedures are: Receive mail from post office box or from their personnel Check mail one after the other Sort the mail into private, official and confidential Send mails to officer…
Correspondences are mails, letters suit and received in and out of an organisation. Correspondence can be sent either by post, by hand, electrically by fax and email. Types of correspondence Mail inward book Mail outward book Despatch book Postage book File movement book MAIL INWARD BOOK/ correspondence inward register – is used to record the…
The documents kept by a receptionist include:- Visitors book Telephone message pad or form Business card Request form/visitors slip Telephone directory Appointment register Diary VISITOR’S BOOK:- is used for recording the details of all visitors that came to an organisation. It contains name, office visited, address, purpose of visit, time of arrival and departure,…
Work is any activity people engage themselves (Physical or Mental effort) in order earn a living e.g. teaching, barbing, engineering etc. Right Attitude to work –is having a positive state of mind toward a particular job/work i.e. doing a particular job with a rightful purpose or determination to do good in an organisation. Characteristics…
The duties of a receptionist can be divided into two namely: Receiving callers or visitors Handling Telephone calls Receiving callers or visitors She receives visitors warmly She must make an appointment with visitors She makes visitors comfortable while waiting for an office She must receive and give information concerning the organisation She must direct the…
The reception office is the first contact office which is well furnished can decorated to create good and lasting impression in the mind of visitor. It is an office where visitors or callers are welcomed and attended to. The office is well equipped with telephone, newspaper, journal, magazine, computer, fan and others. A receptionist…
TRIAL BALANCE Click on the link to open this lesson note TRIAL BALANCE See also BOOK KEEPING CONSUMER COMMUNICATION TRANSPORTATION ADVERTISING
DOUBLE ENTRY BOOK KEEPING Click on the link to open this lesson note DOUBLE ENTRY BOOK KEEPING See also CONSUMER COMMUNICATION TRANSPORTATION ADVERTISING DIRECT AND INDIRECT SERVICES
CONSUMER PROTECTION A Consumer – is an individual who makes final use of goods and services Protection – is covering Consumer protection – is defined as various ways and methods adopted by the government and private organisation to ensure that consumers are not cheated by producers and middlemen and that consumers enjoy maximum satisfaction from…
Communication may be defined as a means of sending and receiving information from one person to another or from one place to another. It connects buyers and seller together and also aid trade in commerce. Role of communication Communication provides quick means of sending and receiving information It enhances the spreading of information about market…
Transportation is a means by which raw materials, finished goods and people are moved from one place to another. IMPORTANCE OF TRASPORTATION IN COMMERCE Transportation helps to widen the market It encourages international trade It prevents wastage of perishable goods It helps to provide job opportunities It facilitates and quickening effective distribution of goods It…
Advertising may be defined as business term or means or bringing the existence of new and old products in the market to the knowledge of the consumers. It is the process by which members of the public are informed about available goods in the market. Importance/functions of Advertising Advertising provides information about the goods in…