ADAPTIVE COLOURATION This is the possession by an organism of a colour which enables it to catch its prey, avoid its predators or enemies, secure mates and ensure their survival. Adaptive colouration may be grouped into Concealing (cryptic) colouration to help organisms blend with their background and remain unnoticed by predators Colour blendingwith the environment […]
ADAPTIVE COLOURATION AND BEHAVIOURAL ADAPTATION Read More »
COMPETITION Competition is the process by which living organisms in the habitat struggle with one another for limited essential needs in the environment. Such scarce resources in plants include; light, space, nutrient and water while animals complete for food, space or mate. Competition finally results in survival of the fittest and elimination of the unfit.
ADAPTATION FOR SURVIVAL Read More »
STRUCTURE OF A FRUIT A fruit is a matured fertilized ovary of a flower containing one or more seeds. Contrary to this, some plants do not undergo fertilization for the formation of their fruit. Such fruits are called parthenocarpic fruits e.g. banana and pineapple. Such fruits are seedless. A typical fruit has the following parts
Growth is defined as an irreversible increase in volume, size, and number of parts, length and weight of an organism It is an organic process which takes sometimes to accomplish. The three processes involve in growth are Cell division:- is a process by which cell increases in number and is achieved by cell division called
Ecology This is the study of living organisms (plants and animals) in relation to their environment. Ecology is divided into two main branches. AUTECOLOGY– is the study of an individual organism or a single species of organism and its environment. For example, the study of a single and its environment. SYNECOLOGY-is the study of the
BASIC ECOLOGICAL CONCEPT Read More »
Autotrophic Nutrition This is the type of nutrition in which the organisms are able to manufacture their own food. Organisms which can manufacture or synthesize their own food are called autotrophs. Autotrophic nutrition is carried out by all green plants through the process of photosynthesis and by some certain bacteria through the process of chemosynthesis
ANIMAL NUTRITION (FOOD SUBSTANCES) Food is a complex energy-rich organic matter which living organism feed on to obtain nutrients and substances necessary for life. Food substances are classified to six groups (i) Carbohydrate (ii) Protein (iii) Fat and oils (iv) Mineral salts (v) Vitamins (vi) Water and roughages. Carbohydrates These are made up of carbon,
Nutrient cycle is defined as the circulation of certain nutrient such as carbon, sulphur and water in nature Carbon Cycle The carbon cycle is the way carbon (iv) oxide is being used from the atmosphere by photosynthesis and put back into the atmosphere by respiration and decay. The carbon cycle involves the following processes Photosynthesis,
NUTRIENT CYCLING IN NATURE Read More »
Nutrition is defined as the process by which living organisms obtain and utilize food material from external environment for metabolic activities such as respiration, growth, excretion and reproduction. Photosynthetic or holophytic Nutrition is defined as a process whereby green plant manufacture their own organic food from simple inorganic substances such as carbon (iv) oxide, water,
Organization of life is defined as the existence of life from a single called organisms to a multicellular organisms with complex form that perform different functions Levels of Organization 1 First level (cell): A cell which is the functional and structural unit of protoplasm bounded by a membrane is the first level of organization. It
Organization of Life Read More »
Classification is defined as the arrangement of living things into groups based on structural genetic and cellular organization. This is called TAXANOMY.The system of classification of living things used today is based on that introduced by Swedish naturalist named Carl Von Linne(1707-1778).His name was better known in Latin as Carolus Linnaeus.He published the classification of
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS Read More »
Living things are those objects that have life e.g. plant and animals. Non-living things are those objects without life or lifeless objects. CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS MOVEMENT: is defined as the ability of a living organism to move its own body or part of its body from one place to another. Living things
LIVING THINGS AND NON-LIVING THINGS Read More »
Science is defined as a systematic process of making enquiry about the living things and non-living things in our environment. The term Biology is coined from two Greek work bios meaning life and Logos meaning study. Therefore Biology is simply defined as study of life i.e. study of living things or Biology is defined as
BIOLOGY AND INQUIRY Read More »
ADAPTATION Adaptation is defined as the ability of an organism to live successfully in a particular habitat as a result of its structure, appearance and behaviour. It is expected that every organism must adapt to its environment in order to survive. Plants and animals possess certain features which enable them to adapt to either aquatic
Biological Association In a community, there exist different kinds of biological associations between organisms of different species. Some of these biological associations are beneficial, some are neutral while others are harmful. Types of Associations Symbiosis Definition: This is a close association between two organisms in which one or both of them benefit from each
ECOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT Read More »
CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES Definition: Conservation is defined as the planned, control exploitation or judicious use of natural resources to ensure their continuous availability and to preserve the quality or original nature of the environment. In other words, conservation is the preservation of natural resources from loss, waste or exploitation through rational use and to
CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES Read More »
POLLUTION Definition: Pollution is defined as the release of toxic or harmful substances into the environment by their natural forces or man and other animals to an extent that causes biological damage to man and his resources. In other words, pollution is the release of harmful substances into the environment, i.e., water, air and land
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION Read More »
Nitrogen Cycle Nitrogen is an abundant element in the atmosphere. It is an essential constituent of proteins, a group of substances found in all living cells. About 78% of air is composed of gaseous nitrogen. Plants cannot incorporate nitrogen gas into organic compound and therefore depend on various types of bacteria to make nitrogen available
Meaning Nutrient cycling refers to the movement of certain nutrients like nitrogen, carbon, water, oxygen and other elements from the environment into various organisms and back into the environment. The path along which the atoms or elements pass is called a cycle. The popular well known nutrients cycles are nitrogen cycle, carbon cycle, water cycle
NUTRIENT CYCLING IN NATURE Read More »
Introduction Food production depends on the following Role of government in agricultural production Environmental factors required for food production 3Ways of improving crop production Role of Government in Agricultural production The role of government in agricultural production include Provision of agro-chemicals Provision of financial assistance. Provision of high quality planting materials Provision of tractors
FOOD PRODUCTION AND STORAGE Read More »