Category English Language Lesson Notes For All Classes

The time of an action or the state of being is expressed by different forms of the verb. These forms are called the tenses of the verb. There are three main forms of a verb: the present, the past, or…

Am, will, can,  would Is, shall, could, must Are, have, may Was, has, should Were, had, might Some verbs, such as do, have and be, can either be used as main verbs or as helping verbs. Examples: As main verbs As…

In some sentences, the verb is more than one word. It is in form of a phrase, which is called a verb phrase. A verb phrase consists of a main verb and one or more helping verbs. The main verb…

A linking verb links the subject of a sentence with a word or words that: (i) express (es) the subject’s state of being Example: She is here (expresses state of being) She seems ready (state of being) (ii) Describe (es)…

A verb is a word that: (i) Expresses an action (ii) Expresses the state that something exists, or (iii) Links the subject with a word that describes or renames it. Hence, there are two kinds of verbs. These are action…

We all know that every sentence must have a subject. Sometimes we incorrectly use a double subject – a noun and a pronoun – to name the same person, place, or thing. Incorrect Correct Jane she is my cousin. Jane…

Reflexive and intensive pronouns end in -self or -selves. These are myself, yourself, herself, himself, itself, ourselves, and themselves. There is, however, one difference between reflexive and Intensive pronouns. A reflexive pronoun refers to an action performed by the subject…

An interrogative pronoun is used to ask a question. These pronouns are who, whose, whom, which and what. Examples: Who is the mayor of this town? Whose is the red car? Which is her blouse? What did she ask you? Whom…

A demonstrative pronoun is used to single or point out one or more persons or things referred to in the sentence. These pronouns are this, that, these, and those. This and these point to persons or things that are near.…

An indefinite pronoun is a pronoun that does not refer to a specific person or thing. In English, there are singular indefinite pronouns, plural indefinite and both singular and plural indefinite pronouns. Singular Indefinite Pronouns Another, anything, everybody, neither, one…

PLURAL POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS Correct: Several reported their findings. Incorrect: Several reported his/her findings. Both singular and plural indefinite pronouns All, some, any, none These indefinite pronouns may be singular or plural, depending on their meaning in the sentence. Examples: All of my…

A contraction is a shortened form of two words. One or more letters are omitted and an apostrophe (’) is used in place of the letters left out. A contraction is formed by combining pronouns and the verbs am, is,…

Object pronouns can replace nouns used after action verbs. These pronouns are: (i) Singular – me, you, him, her, it (ii) Plural – us, you them Examples: The driver drove him. (direct object) The parents thanked us. (direct object) The…

A pronoun is a part of speech that takes the place of a noun. They include such words as I, we, he, she, thy, me and us. Pronouns enable you to avoid repeating the same names (nouns), when writing or…

A subject pronoun takes the place of a noun as the subject of a sentence. These pronouns are: (i) Singular forms – I, you, he, she, it (ii) Plural forms – we, you, they Examples: Noun Subject Pronoun The house girl…

A plural possessive noun shows possession or ownership of a plural noun. Example: The cars that belong to the teachers are parked here. The teachers’ cars are parked here. When a plural noun ends in s, add only an apostrophe…

A possessive noun shows who or what owns something. A possessive noun can either be singular or plural. A singular possessive noun shows that one person, place, or thing has or owns something. To make a singular noun show possession,…

These are nouns that represent a group of people or things as a single unit.  Some collective nouns can take plural forms Examples: Crowd (s) flock (s) Group (s) herd (s) Team (s) committee (s) Pair (s) Some collective nouns,…

A compound noun is a noun that is made up of two or more words. The words that form compound nouns may be joined together, separated or hyphenated. Examples: Joined: bookcase, blackboard, pushcart Separated: high school, rabbit hutch, radar gun Hyphenated:…

One way to express plurals of uncountable nouns is by use of expressions of quantity. Example: a piece of information – pieces of information a loaf of bread – four loaves of bread a tin of soup – three tins…