Lesson Notes, Audio Lessons, Exam Questions
Lesson Notes, Audio Lessons, Exam Questions
Welcome to our collection of Biology lesson notes covering all topics for SS 1 to SS 3 students. These notes are aligned with the WAEC and NECO syllabus, providing a structured approach to mastering key concepts in Biology. From cell biology to ecology, you’ll find lessons on the essential topics you need to excel in your exams.
Our resources are designed to support both independent study and classroom learning, helping you build a strong foundation in Biology.
Whether you’re revising for your exams or seeking to understand complex concepts, these notes and topics will guide your learning every step of the way.
See our comprehensive Biology lesson notes and topics for SS 1 to SS 3 students. Perfect for WAEC and NECO preparation.
Structure and Function of Arteries, Capillaries and Veins What are Arteries? Arteries carry blood away from the heart. They carry oxygenated blood except pulmonary artery which carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs. Arteries have a thick, muscular wall, which has…
Thrombosis Formation of a clot in the blood vessels is called thrombosis. Coronary thrombosis is the most common. It is caused by blockage of coronary artery which supplies blood to the heart. Blockage may be due to artery becoming fibrous…
The heart has four chambers: Two artria (auricles) and two ventricles. The left and right sides of the heart are separated by a muscle wall (septum) so that oxygenated and deoxygenated blood does not mix. Deoxygenated blood from the rest…
The Circulatory System Large and complex animals have circulatory systems that consist of tubes, a transport fluid and a means of pumping the fluid. Blood is the transport fluid which contains dissolved substances and cells. The tubes are blood vessels…
The factors that affect transpiration are grouped into two. Environmental and Structural Factors Cuticle Environmental factors Temperature Humidity Wind Light Intensity When light intensity is high; more stomata open hence high rate of transpiration. Atmospheric Pressure Availability of Water The…
Biologu SS 3 First Term 1. Regulation of Internal Environment2. Nervous Co-ordination3. Sense Organs4. Ecology of Population5. Balance in Nature6. Reproductive System and Reproduction in Humans Biology SS 3 Second Term 1. Development of New Seeds2. Fruits3. Reproductive Behaviours4. Biology…
Biology SS 2 First Term Organization of Life1. Classification of Plants The Organism at Work1. Digestive System 2. Transport System 3. Respiratory System 4. Excretory System Biology SSS 2 Second Term The Organism and Its Environment1. Nutrient Cycling in Nature…
Biology SS 1 First Term Organization of Life1. Recognizing living things2. Classification of Living Things – Kingdoms: Monere, Protista and Fungi, Plantae and Animalia3. The cell4. The Cell and its Environment5. Some Properties and ‘Functions of the Cell6. Tissues and…
These are organic compounds that are essential for proper growth, development and functioning of the body. Vitamins are required in very small quantities They are not stored and must be included in the diet Vitamins Band C are soluble in…
Common Dental Disease: Caries, Causes, Treatment & Periodontal Diseases Dental Carries Dental carries are the holes or cavities that are formed as acid corrodes enamel and eventually the dentine Causes Treatment Periodontal Diseases Treatment Care of Teeth In order to…
i = incisors, c = canines, pm = premolars and m = molars The total number is obtained by multiplying by two (for the two halves of each jaw) Adaptation of Teeth to Feeding Premolars and molars: Teeth of Carnivores…
Enzymes are biological catalysts that increase the rate of chemical reaction in the body. They are all produced inside cells. Some are intracellular and they catalyse reactions within the cells. Others are extracellular and are secreted out of the cells…
Meaning and Types of Heterotrophism This is a mode of nutrition whereby organisms feed on complex organic matter from other plants or animals All animals are heterotrophs. Their mode of feeding is also said to be holozoic to distinguish it…
Proteins are the most abundant organic compounds in cells and constitute 50% of total dry weight Proteins are compounds which are made up of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen and sometimes sulphur and phosphorus. The structural units of proteins are amino…
If many monosaccharides are joined together through condensation, a polysaccharide is formed. Polysaccharides may consist of hundreds or even thousands of monosaccharide units Examples of polysaccharides: Importance and Functions of Polysaccharides Examples are: Makes the exoskeleton of arthropods, and walls…
These contain two monosaccharide units. The chemical process through which a large molecule (e.g a disaccharide) is formed from smaller molecules is called condensation and it involves loss of water Common examples of disaccharides include sucrose, maltose and lactose Sucrose…
These are simple sugars. The carbon atoms in these sugars form a chain to which hydrogen and oxygen atoms are attached. Monosaccharides are classified according to the number of carbon atoms they possess The most common monosaccharides are: The general…
PROCESS OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS What is photosynthesis? Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and certain other organisms transform light energy into chemical energy. During photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is captured and used to convert water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds. A general equation for photosynthesis…
Active transport is the movement of solutes such as glucose, amino acids and mineral ions; From an area of their low concentration to an area of high concentration. It is movement against a concentration gradient and therefore energy is required.…
All matter is made up of chemical elements, each of which exists in the form of smaller units called atoms Carbohydrates