| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General Characteristics of Structural Materials | |||
| Characteristic | Ceramics | Metals | Polymers |
| Density | Low to High | Low to High | Low |
| Hardness | High | Medium | Low |
| Tensile Strength | Low to Medium | High | Low |
| Compressive Strength | High | Medium to High | Low to Medium |
| Young’s Modulus | Medium to High | Low to High | Low |
| Melting Point | High | Low to High | Low |
| Dimensional Stability | High | Low to Medium | Low |
| Thermal Expansion | Low to Medium | Medium to High | High |
| Thermal Conductivity | Medium | Medium to High | Low |
| Thermal Shock | Low | Medium to High | High |
| Electrical Resistance | High | Low | High |
| Chemical Resistance | High | Low to Medium | Medium |
| Oxidation Resistance | Medium to High | Low | Low |
| Machinability | Medium | Low | Medium |
| . There are wide variations in the properties of ceramics and glasses due primarily to differences in bonding and wide variations in chemical composition. However, as a materials class, the following characteristics are typical. | |
| Low to moderate density compared to metals | |
| High modulus of elasticity (stiffness) | |
| Good strength retention at elevated temperatures | |
| Resistant to high temperature creep | |
| Dimensional stability | |
| High compressive strength | |
| Low to moderate tensile and shear strength | |
| High hardness | |
| Corrosion and oxidation resistant | |
| Good electrical insulation properties | |
| Wide range of thermal conductivity | |
| Wide range of thermal expansion coefficient | |
| Brittle | |
| Low impact strength | |
| Sensitive to thermal shock | |
uses of ceramics;
Uses of Ceramics
Ceramic products are hard, porous, and brittle. As a result, they are used to make pottery, bricks, tiles, cements, and glass. Ceramics are also used at many places in gas turbine engines. Bio-ceramics are used as dental implants and synthetic bones. Given below are some other important uses of ceramics.
Uses of Whitewares
Whitewares find application in spark plugs, electrical insulators, laboratory equipments, crucibles, dishes, and high-class potteries.
Uses of Clay
Clay is the starting raw material for manufacturing bricks, tiles, terracotta, pottery, earthenwares, sewer, drain pipes, and covers for electrical cables.
Uses of Stonewares
Stonewares are used for constructing sanitary fixtures, such as sinks and bath tubs. Stonewares are also used in the construction of piping vessels, drainage pipes, underground cable sheathings, sewerage pipes, home pipes, absorption towers, valves, and pumps in the chemical industry. They are cheaper than many other construction materials but are rather fragile and once broken, they have no resale value.
Uses of Glass
The main use of glass is to make household glassware, decorative items, and optical lenses. Glasses are used for heat insulation purposes, for example, in ovens. Glass is used as an insulator in metal pipelines, in vacuum cleaners, and on the walls and roofs of houses. Glass is resistant to chemicals. As a result, it is used to filter corrosive liquids such as acids and acid solutions. It is also used for sound insulation. Safety glass is used in aircraft, automobiles, helicopter, and submarines. Glass can also be…
Question
- define ceramics
- 5 properties of ceramics
See also
