Catering

Cover literally means to cover the course and dishes with a large white napkin in order to indicate that all precautions had been taken

TABLE LAYING This is the process of covering the restaurant/dining tables with table clothes. Nothing is more attractive in the room than tables clothed-up with clean, crisp and well starched… Read More »TABLE LAYING AND TABLE SETTING

SELF SERVICE This type of service is commonly found in cafeteria and canteens. It involves customers/guests serving themselves with little assistance from the waiters/waitresses.   Types of  Self Service Cafeteria/Counter… Read More »TYPES OF FOOD SERVICE

FOOD SERVICE Food service can be defined as the preparation, delivery and serving of ready to eat foods/meals in catering establishments. It is simply the manner of presenting prepared meals… Read More »FOOD SERVICE

Housekeeping may be defined as provision of calm, comfortable, safe and an aesthetically appealing environment. Housekeeping department is an operational department in a hotel, which is responsible for cleanliness, maintenance… Read More »HOUSE-KEEPING PERSONNEL AND RECEPTIONISTS

  This refers to the team who work together on shift basis, under the chef de cuisine (head chef) in the kitchen.   HEAD CHEF (CHEF DE CUISINE)  The head… Read More »KITCHEN STAFF/ KITCHEN BRIGADE

BAR PERSONNEL AND THEIR FUNCTIONS BAR MANAGER He is in charge of the bar. He reports directly to the F & B manager and works hand-in-hand with the restaurant manager.… Read More »FOODS AND BEVERAGE PERSONNEL AND THEIR FUNCTIONS

In the food and beverage establishment today, there are many ways of using and deploying staff.  Also, different terminology is used to describe what the staff do for the establishment.… Read More »PERSONNEL IN FOOD AND BEVERAGE AREA

MEASURING EQUIPMENT/ TOOLS Measuring equipment are those materials used in determining quantities of food items. They are essential in catering. The use of measuring equipment enable a caterer to ensure… Read More »STANDARD AND LOCAL MEASURING EQUIPMENT- FULLY EXPLANATION

BAKING Baking is cooking foods by dry heat in an enclosed pre-heated space by direct radiation. Baking usually takes place in the oven. Dry heat is applied and the food… Read More »METHODS OF COOKING – DRY HEAT, Baking, Roasting & Grilling

STEWING This is a method of cooking food slowly in a well-covered pan containing little liquid for a long time. The food is served with the water. It is the… Read More »METHODS OF COOKING: Stewing, Frying, advantages & disadvantages

BOILING This is the method of cooking food in boiling water. Sufficient water is used just to cover the food and the water is heated to boiling point. It is… Read More »METHODS OF COOKING: Boiling, Poaching & Steaming

COOKING OF FOOD Cooking can be defined as the application of heat on foods. It is the preparation of food in readiness for eating, using heat to render foods palatable,… Read More »COOKING OF FOODS

FLOUR Flour is the powder obtained when whole wheat (or any other cereal) is ground (milled). Milling is the process of crushing and grinding grains into powder by passing them… Read More »FLOUR COOKERY: Types of flour, Raising Agents & Flour mixtures

CEREALS AND GRAINS Cereal is a broad term or collective name for those plants belonging to the grass family. The seeds they produce are known as grains. Some of the… Read More »FOOD COMMODITIES: Cereal, Pulses, Herbs and Spices

EGG The terms egg applies not only to those of the hen but also to the edible eggs of other birds such as turkeys, geese, ducks, guinea fowl, quails, etc.… Read More »FOOD COMMODITIES: EGG, USES OF EGGS, METHOD OF COOKING EGGS & Fish,

Food commodities are those ingredients which are combined together to get a complete meal. They refer to the entire sources from which we derive the food nutrients. Food commodities include… Read More »FOOD COMMODITIES: MEAT, POULTRY, GAME, & TYPES OF MEAT

ENERGY Energy is defined as the ability to do work. It exists in different forms like: heat, light, sound, electrical, potentials (stored), kinetic etc. LAWS OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY Energy… Read More »EXOTHERMIC AND ENDOTHERMIC REACTIONS

MEANING OF RATE OF REACTION The rate of a chemical reaction is the number of moles of reactants converted or products formed per unit time.       Usually, rate of… Read More »RATE OF REACTION | MEANING, WAYS, RATE CURVE, COLLISION THEORY & EFFECT