Types of Occupation

Definitions of Occupation

An occupation is what a person does in order to earn a living. Examples are teaching, law, trading, medicine, etc

Division or Types of Occupation

There are five main divisions or types of occupation which are

1. Extractive occupation
2. Manufacturing Occupation
3. Constructive occupation
4. Commercial occupation
5. Services occupation

Types of Occupation

Occupations are grouped into five major types: Extractive, Manufacturing, Constructive, Commercial, and Service. Each category involves different types of work based on the kind of activity performed.

1. Extractive Occupations

These are jobs that involve the removal of natural resources from the earth, water, or forest. Examples include:

1. Agriculture
2. Fishing
3. Hunting
4. Mining
5. Oil drilling

2. Manufacturing Occupations

This type involves the processing or conversion of raw materials into finished or semi-finished goods. Examples are:

1. Food processing
2. Printing
3. Household goods production

3. Constructive Occupations

Constructive occupations are jobs related to building or construction of physical structures such as roads and houses. Examples include:

1. Road building
2. Bridge building
3. House building

4. Commercial Occupations

These occupations help in the distribution, buying, and selling of goods and services. They can be further divided into direct and indirect services.

Direct Commercial Occupations:

1. Banking
2. Insurance
3. Warehousing
4. Advertising
5. Transportation
6. Communication

Indirect Commercial Occupation:

Street cleaner (indirectly supports commercial activities by maintaining cleanliness in commercial areas)

5. Service Occupations

Service occupations are jobs that involve providing personal or professional services to individuals or the public. Examples include:

1. Lesson teacher
2. Family doctor
3. Police
4. Housemaid
5. Tourism workers
6. Entertainer
7. Army

Extractive Occupation

Involves the occupation of those who extract or bring out raw materials and natural resources from the soil or sea. They include farming, fishing, hunting, etc.

Extractive occupations are also classified under primary industry because they involve early stages of production.

EVALUATION

1. List six examples of extractive occupation.
2. What is primary industry?

Manufacturing Occupation

This involves the turning of raw materials produced by the extractive industry into finished products for example raw materials are turned to sweets, shirts, orange juice, etc. 

Constructive Occupation

1. This involves the occupation of those who assemble different finished materials to build roads, bridges, railways, etc.

EVALUATION

1. Explain manufacturing occupations and constructive occupation
2. Which one comes first and why?

Commercial Occupation

This involves all the activities concerned with enabling  products movefrom the factory to the final consumers. These include transporters, insurers, bankers. Warehouseworkers, etc

Services Occupation

The occupations under this involves the given of special types of help or work to customers/clients. These do not concern production of goods or visible items.

There are two divisions in this occupation – direct services and indirect services. Direct services are those paid for directly by the client to the service provider e.g a family pay, the lesson teacher directly for teaching a child, or pays a family doctor or housemaid.

On the other hand, indirect services are rendered to the general public and are paid for by the government on behalf of the people. These include paying the soldier, the police, the street sweeper, etc by the government for the benefit of the people.

Factors Which Affect Occupation

1. Skills and Training Education and training are important in the selection of occupation
2. Natural Endowment; The presence of natural resources such as iron ore, crude oil, etc. can influence the occupation of people in a particular environment.
3. Climate: The differences in occupation are to some extent influenced by the soil contion and to weather, eg hot weather or cold region.

Differences Between Direct and Indirect Services

Direct Services

Direct services are those rendered directly to an individual or a family. These services are paid for directly by the beneficiary to the provider. Examples include services like private healthcare, tutoring, or salon services, where the user pays the service provider directly at the point of use.

Indirect Services

Indirect services are mainly rendered by civil servants and public servants. These services are paid for by the government on behalf of the people using the tax money collected from citizens. Examples include public education, police services, and public health facilities.

EVALUATION

1. Give five examples of direct services providers
2. Give five examples of indirect services and their providers

General Evaluation

1. Explain extractive occupation and give six examples
2. Define the manufacturing occupation giving six examples
3. Define the constructive occupation; and give four example
4. Differentiate between direct and indirect services occupations.
5. Differentiate between manufacturing and constructive occupation.

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT – SECTION A.

1. A bridge engineer is involved in ____ occupation. A. Manufacturing B. Constructive C. Extractive Commercial
2. ______is what a person does in order to earn a livingA. Teaching Music C. Occupation                      D. Labour
3. ______ involves all the activities concerned with enabling products move from the factory to the final consumers. A. Extractive occupation     B. direct services occupation  C. commercial occupation                  D. Manufacturing occupation

4. One of the following is NOT a member of the groupA. Teaching B. Fishing C. Hunting D. Farming
5. A banker is involved in ____ occupationA. extractive B. manufacturing C. constructive D. commercial

Section B

1. Draw a neat diagram with labels showing the branches of occupation.
2. Give three examples each, of the branches of occupation.