What is Placental Abruption?
Placental abruption is an abrupt occurrence during pregnancy that can pose risks to both you and your baby, though thankfully it is uncommon.
During pregnancy, your placenta forms in the uterus, serving to provide nutrients and oxygen to your baby while eliminating waste from their bloodstream. Attached to the uterine wall, the placenta is connected to your baby via the umbilical cord. In cases of placental abruption, the placenta detaches prematurely from the uterus before your baby is fully prepared for birth.
Signs and Symptoms of Placental Abruption
Approximately 1% of pregnant women experience placental abruption. This complication can occur at any point after 20 weeks of pregnancy, with a higher incidence in the third trimester.
Placental abruption typically manifests suddenly. While vaginal bleeding may be evident, it is not always present, and the quantity of blood loss can vary. A lack of substantial bleeding does not necessarily indicate a less severe abruption, as blood may be confined within the uterus.
Additional indicators include:
1. Abdominal or back pain
2. Sensitivity or frequent, rapid contractions in the uterus
3. Irregularities in the baby’s heart rate
Placental abruption can also develop gradually, known as “chronic abruption.” Symptoms may include:
1. Intermittent light vaginal bleeding
2. Decreased levels of amniotic fluid
3. Slower-than-normal fetal growth